Answer:
Recent studies have shown that dark skin colour was developed in the past for protection against cancer. Scientists claim that in the past natural selection favoured humans having dark colour as compared to humans having a fair colour. This is because humans having a darker colour produced more melanin which protected them from ultraviolet radiation. As a result, this skin colour protected more against skin cancer. Hence, Having a darker skin colour protected in survival and reproduction to people thousands of years ago.
Yes, it is true that Mammalian target of rapamycin pathway mutations cause hemimegalencephaly and focal cortical dysplasia.
Focal malformations of cortical development, including focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) and hemimegalencephaly (HME), are important causes of intractable childhood epilepsy.
Using targeted and exome sequencing on DNA from resected brain samples and non-brain samples from 53 patients with FCD or HME, we identified pathogenic germline and mosaic mutations in multiple PI3K/AKT pathway genes in 9 patients, and a likely pathogenic variant in 1 additional patient.
Our data confirm the association of DEPDC5 with sporadic FCD but also implicate this gene for the first time in HME. Our findings suggest that modulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin pathway may hold promise for malformation-associated epilepsy.
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Answer:
what are the options so I may answer
Answer:
Embryology: the study of similarities in embryos of organisms to find common connections
Developmental biology: the study of life cycles of organisms to find common
Molecular biology: the analysis and comparison of DNA to better understand relationships between species
comparative anatomy: the study of the anatomy of an organism to explain evolutionary similarity
Explanation:
Embryology can be described as the branch of biology in which studies about the sex cells, the process of fertilization and the development of the fetus or embryo are made. The similarities between the embryos show evolutionary history among different organisms.
Developmental biology can be described as the branch of biology in which studies are made about the processes of growth and developmental procedures about organisms. Organisms belonging to different groups can also show developmental similarities if they have a common ancestor.
Molecular biology is the branch of biology which is related to the study of life on molecular level. At this level, similarities between the genome of organisms can be checked for evolutionary histories.
Comparative anatomy: It is the branch of biology in which organisms are studies based on the similarities and differences in their structures.
