The protection of markets with excess labor refers to the erection of barriers to imports of products competing with local offerings in an effort to protect local jobs. This is found in the <u>"Arguments for Protectionism"</u> section.
<u>Explanation</u>:
Arguments for Protectionism were made to protect the national security value of the trade. The arguments for protectionism section comprise many protection measures. They are as follows:
i) Protection on markets with excess productive capacity
ii) Employment protection and protection of markets with excess labor
iii) Protection of consumers
iv) Infant industry arguments
v) National defense interests
Excess productive capacity in the markets can help in invoking the protection of local labor and preventing purchase from foreign countries.
Answer: B: Offenders engage in direct forms of violence.
Explanation: According to the Britanica Encyclopedia "White-collar crime, crime committed by persons who, often by virtue of their occupations, exploit social, economic, or technological power for personal or corporate gain". White collar crimes tends to refer to a crime committed by a bussinessman or bussinesswoman who are more likely to be middle aged or older usually by persons from the middle class and sometimes but not very often the lower class. Fraud, money laundering, stealing company funds and embezzlment are considered white collar crimes. It is often seen as less serious when compared to other crimes because it does not involve physical violence. Public order crimes are not associated to white collar crimes. Financal gain is the ulterior motive of white collar crimes.
White-collar crime have been associated with the educated and affluent ever since the term was first coined in 1949 by sociologist Edwin Sutherland, who defined it as "crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of their occupation", however, these crimes have ceased to be exclusive to such groups.
Answer: A. The National Security Argument
Explanation: Bertrand is most concerned on the security of his country in all rounds. He is against relying on other continents for survival on a particular sphere.
