Answer:
b. founder effect
Explanation:
When there is a situation when sufficient number of members of one species are reproductively isolated, and if there is an evolutionary pressure for them to start developing new advantageous traits, then a new species will gradually emerge. In this kind of scenario the genetic diversity will be minimized, as the number of individuals is much smaller, and that will result in only changes that will go in only one direction and they will also occur quicker than if there was a greater genetic diversity. This is called the founder effect, and it is easy to see why this term has been chosen, as the limited number of members of a species that have been reproductively isolated are giving the foundation for the development of a new, separate species.
Answer:
estimated 1 million gallons per day
Answer:
In biological classification, the term subspecies refers to one of two or more populations of a species living in different subdivisions of the species' range and varying from one another by morphological characteristics.
Explanation:
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Gene mutations can be positive, negative, or neutral. Suppose that the normal gene in Model 2 produced a polypeptide that was necessary for cellular respiration.
A) Choose a mutation from those in Model 2 that might be positive for a cell. Explain your reasoning by relating the mutation to the cellular respiration process.
Genes encoded in our DNA result in the production of proteins that perform specific functions within human's cells and various environmental factors and spontaneous events can lead to changes in genes, these changes are called mutations, can lead to alterations in the structure and activity of the proteins in the cells use. Mutations are the source of all new alleles in nature and arise spontaneously at low frequency owing to the chemical instability of purine and pyrimidine bases and to errors during DNA replication. Therefore,a gene mutation is a change in the sequence of nucleotides that occurs during cell replication (mitosis and meiosis) within a single coding section of DNA. Variations in alleles lead to variations in organisms within a population, cellular respiration, i.e. the reduction of inspired oxygen to water, which powers cell function, also generates highly reactive oxygen species that can damage DNA, with the purine bases G and A being particularly susceptible to this kind of attack,so Positive mutations lead to the organism having a better chance of survival, which means the mutation may be passed on to the offspring.
B) Choose a mutation from those in Model 2 that might be negative for a cell. Explain your reasoning by relating the mutation to the cellular respiration process.
Due to one's metabolism, the human body replaces every cell within the cellular respiration process and any mistakes can also occur in the transcription of mRNA or the translation of a polypeptide. However, these changes are considered to be negative mutations, because they are not permanent changes to the cell, however such mutations may lead to an early death probably before the organism can produce offspring.
