Answer: II. Citric acid cycle
Explanation:
Oxidation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA does not generate energy and glycolysis generates only 2 ATP (2 ATP used and 4 ATP generated). On the contrary TCA generates as much 38 ATP.
Answer:
tagalog po ako hindi ako marong englis
Answer:
The microbiologist beer-making may not be providing sufficient conditions for the yeasts present in the system to be able to produce a greater amount of alcohol.
Explanation:
As you owe to produce beer, alcoholic fermentation of organic matter must take place. Alcoholic fermentation is carried out by yeasts (and some bacteria) that are added to the beer's raw material, consume all glucose and release alcohol as a product of their metabolic reactions.
For these yeasts to be able to produce large amounts of alcohol, two things are necessary. The first is that the raw material of the beer is placed in a location that does not contain oxygen and does not allow oxygen to enter. This is because the production of alcohol is done through fermentation, which is an aerobic process. If there is oxygen at the site, yeasts will die and will not promote fermentation, leaving alcohol production low, or even zero.
Another thing that can decrease alcohol production is that the raw material does not supply substrates in sufficient quantities for its metabolism. The raw material may have a deficient supply of glucose, preventing the yeast from being able to ferment, which will generate little or no alcohol.
It should be taken into consideration the presence of frameshift mutations. Frameshift mutation, due to addition or deletion of a base, results in the change of reading frame and consequently in changed protein. But it is known that 3 nucleotides on mRNA code for the specific amino acid. If the number of inserted or deleted nucleotides is 3, it will result in the absence<span> of only 1 amino acid which is not expected to drastically change protein sequence.
Knowing all this, it can be concluded the following:
</span>
<span>-/-/+/-/- <u>OK </u>- Due to 4 deletions and 1 insertion, effectively only 3 nucleotides are missing.
</span>+/-/+ <u>Not OK</u> - Due to 1 deletion and 2 insertions, effectively only 1 nucleotide is added leading to the frameshift mutation.
+/-/+/- <u>OK </u>- Due to 2 deletions and 2 insertions, a number of nucleotides remain the same.
+/+/-/+ <u>Not OK</u> - Due to 1 deletion and 3 insertions, effectively only 2 nucleotides are added and the frameshift mutation occurs.
-/+ <u>OK </u>- Due 1 deletion and 1 insertion, a number of nucleotides remain the same.
<span>- <u>Not OK</u> - Due to 1 deletion, the frameshift mutation occurs.
</span>-/-/-/-/-/- <u>OK </u>- <span>Due to 6 deletions, it will be deleted 2 amino acids and the protein will be nearly normal.</span>
<span>+/+/+ <u>OK </u>- Due to 3 insertions, 1 amino acid will be added in excess.
</span>-/- <u>Not OK</u> - Due to 2 deletions, the frameshift mutation occurs.
