Answer:
the annual pre-tax cost of debt is 10.56%
Explanation:
the beore-tax component cost of debt will be the actual market rate of the bonds, as they offer an interest rate of 11% but are selling at 104 points not at par thus, there is a difference between the rates.
We solve for the rate which makes the coupon and maturity 104
with excel or a financial calculator
PV of the coupon payment
C 5.500 (100 x 11%/2)
time 60 (30 years x 2 payment per year)
rate <em>0.052787474</em>
PV $99.4338
PV of the maturity
Maturity 100.00
time 60.00
rate <em>0.052787474</em>
PV 4.57
<em><u>Adding both we should get 104 which is the amount the bonds is selling:</u></em>
PV coupon $99.4338 + PV maturity $4.5662 = $104.0000
The rate is generated using goal seek or wiht a financial calculator.
This rate is a semiannual rate, so we multiply by 2 to get the annual cost of debt:
0.052787474 x 2 = 0.105574947
The cost of debt for the firm is 10.56%
Answer:
The correct answer is letter "D": when the actual price is less than the standard price.
Explanation:
Direct labor rate variance compares the existing direct labor costs and normal direct labor costs over the same operating period. Favorable variance in the labor rate can be caused by hiring more unskilled employees, reducing the minimum wage, and incorrectly setting indirect labor costs. Favorable variance takes place when the <em>costs of direct labor are efficient or lower compared to the standard</em>.
Answer:
c rose by 3 percent.
Explanation:
Real income is nominal income less price level changes.
Real income = nominal income - changes in price level
4.6 % - 1.6% = 3%
I hope my answer helps you
Answer:
Point B
Explanation:
A "trough" in essence is just like a dip or a ditch. The answer is B because it is at the lowest point of that dip.
Answer:
1.the off season vegetable production can be obtained by different ways such as taking use of and utilise various agro climatic condition improve writing choosen adjustment of planting time making plastic tunnels polythene house and permanent glass house to provide control environmental conditions.
2the of seasonal vegetable are those vegetable which can be grown in rainy season using technology The main advantage of off season vegetable is that ensure food security for example tomato can be grown every time using a tunnel of greenhouse technology are genetically modified seed.