It is a political cartoon my Benjamin Franklin targeting the British colonies. The letters above the snake are abbreviated names for these colonies.
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The correct answer is where the royal power was weak or non-existent
Whenever there was a king that couldn't keep everyone in line, the local lords would band up on him or would become more and more independent and it would be difficult to control them since they would often work even with foreign powers against their own lords. This led to the downfall of numerous dynasties or emperors in Europe.
A stage of the triangular trade
(When they where crossing the Atlantic Ocean)