Answer:
Diffusion forces protons to travel through ATP synthase because the membrane is not permeable to protons
Explanation:
ATP synthase is the enzyme that allow the production of ATP from adenosine diphosphate. The ATP synthase allows is the protein found in the cell membrane, which allow protons to pass through the membrane.
The concentration gradient can be compared to diffusion of water where particles move from region of higher concentration to lower concentration through a permeable membrane
In this case, the concentration gradient will force the proton through the membrane , so that, the free energy can be used by ADP to produce ATP.
Answer:
In evolutionary studies, absolute dating can be described as a method which scientists use to date any material that they find. Relative dating is a method in which scientists try to puts the geological events in a relative order. In absolute dating, the exact age of the rock will be calculated by the scientist. In relative studies, the scientist will try to place the rock in the best geologic time in which the rock might have existed.
The most common method for absolute dating is the method of radiometric dating. Radioactive minerals present in the rock act as geologic time which are determined by the scientists.
According to the research, low and thick clouds reflect solar radiation and help to send it back into space during the day.
<h3>What are the clouds?</h3>
It is the mass of aqueous vapor that is suspended in the atmosphere that reflects solar radiation contributing to the cooling of the Earth's surface.
One of the determining factors of daily temperatures is the reflection of solar radiation by the clouds, when there are no clouds in the sky, diffuse radiation is produced through the process of diffusion through atmospheric particles.
Therefore, we can conclude that according to the research, low and thick clouds reflect solar radiation and help to send it back into space during the day.
Learn more about solar radiation here: brainly.com/question/11993287
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Answer:
The basic tenet of calculating resistance is that flow is equal to driving pressure divided by flow rate.
where
- R is Resistance measured in HGU
- ΔP is the change in pressure across the circulation loop measured in mmHg
- Q is the flow through the vasculature measured in L/min
So resistance is equal to:
To begin, you have to know what meiosis is. Meiosis is when a cell breaks into four daughter cells (like mitosis but with two extra daughter cells). Those four cells are still part of the parent cell, so they retain the genetics of the parent cell but split-up. So those cells are part of the foundations of the genetic build-up of the offspring.