
Radius / diameter as a length cannot be negative, that's why '-16' is wrong.
That arrow helps a lot.
One
Scale factor = 21/14 = (3*7)/(2*7) = 3/2 the sevens cancel out.
Two
Scale factor = 24/18 = (6 *4) / (6 * 3) The 6s cancel out
Scale factor = 4/3
yes of course it's bigger, put a mug next to a lamp and there you will see it