1. Oxidized
2. Reduced
3. Glucose
4. Pyruvate
5. NAD+
6. NADH
An acronym for understanding gain and loss of electrons is OIL RIG (Oxidation is Loss of electrons, Reduction is Gain of electrons).
This is based on borderline personality disorder which is low levels of activity in anterior cingulate cortex is associated with hoarding behaviors, suicidal behavior that is 7.5% suicide over 20 years old, self-injury 2/3 ; 3/4 stabilize in 10 to 15 years, co-morbid PTSD or mood disorder, at risk for substance abuse and eating disorders, schizotypal personality disorder, might be related to dissociation identity disorder, genes account for 60% variance in developing BPD, lower serotonin function, increased activation of amygdala and disturbed connectivity b/w prefrontal cortex and the amygdala.
Answer:
2.048 x 10^6 No. Of Copies
Explanation:
The DNA replication in a PCR works exponentially by using the 2^n where n represents the number of cycles.
For one molecule of DNA = 2^11 = 2048 No. Of Copies
For 1000 Molecules of DNA = 1000 x 2048 = 2.048 x 10^6 No. Of Copies
The atmosphere transfers heat energy and moisture across the Earth. Incoming solar radiation (insolation) is redistributed from areas in which there is a surplus of heat (the equator) to areas where there is a heat deficit (the North and South Pole). This is achieved through a series of atmospheric cells: the Hadley cell, the Ferrel cell and the Polar cell (Figure 2). These operate in a similar way to, and indeed interact with, the ocean conveyor.
For example, as the oceans at low latitudes are heated, water evaporates and is transported poleward as water vapour. This warm air eventually cools and subsides. Changes in temperature and CO2 concentrations can lead to: changes in the size of atmospheric cells (in particular, the Hadley cell is susceptible to these alterations); warming in the troposphere; and disproportionately strong warming in Arctic regions. The strong interactions between ocean and atmospheric dynamics, and the significant feedback mechanisms between them, mean that climate researchers must consider these Earth components as interlinked systems. The necessity to assess ocean-atmospheric changes at the global scale has implications for the way in which research is conducted. It is only by integrating palaeo evidence of past changes, with present day monitoring, and projected models,
