Wasted energy is an energy which is transformed without significant use.
(a) 
The frequency of a wave is given by:

where
v is the wave's speed
is the wavelength
For the red laser light in this problem, we have
(speed of light)

Substituting,

(b) 427.6 nm
The wavelength of the wave in the glass is given by

where
is the original wavelength of the wave in air
n = 1.48 is the refractive index of glass
Substituting into the formula,

(c) 
The speed of the wave in the glass is given by

where
is the original speed of the wave in air
n = 1.48 is the refractive index of glass
Substituting into the formula,

Answer: please see attached work.
Explanation: please see attached work. Assuming 500 sheets of paper = 20 lb. (typicical value).
Answer:
23. 4375 m
Explanation:
There are two parts of the rocket's motion
1 ) accelerating (assume it goes upto h1 height )
using motion equations upwards

Lets find the velocity after 2.5 seconds (V1)
V = U +at
V1 = 0 +5*2.5 = 12.5 m/s
2) motion under gravity (assume it goes upto h2 height )
now there no acceleration from the rocket. it is now subjected to the gravity
using motion equations upwards (assuming g= 10m/s² downwards)
V²= U² +2as
0 = 12.5²+2*(-10)*h2
h2 = 7.8125 m
maximum height = h1 + h2
= 15.625 + 7.8125
= 23. 4375 m