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2 years ago

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Suppose on a certain planet that a rare substance known as Raritanium can be found in some of the rocks. A raritanium-detector i

s used to find rock samples that may contain the valuable mineral, but it is not perfect: When applied to a rock sample, there is a 2% chance of a false negative; that is, of a negative reading given raritanium is actually present. Moreover there is a 0.5% chance of a false positive; that is, of a positive reading when in fact no raritanium is there. Assume that 13% of all rock samples contain raritanium. The detector is applied to a sample and returns a positive reading.
Required:
What is the probability the rock sample actually contains raritanium?

1 answer:

aleksandrvk [35]2 years ago

7 0

Answer:

0.967 = 96.7% probability the rock sample actually contains raritanium

Step-by-step explanation:

Conditional Probability

We use the conditional probability formula to solve this question. It is

$P(B|A) = \frac{P(A \cap B)}{P(A)}$

In which

P(B|A) is the probability of event B happening, given that A happened.

$P(A \cap B)$ is the probability of both A and B happening.

P(A) is the probability of A happening.

In this question:

Event A: Positive reading

Event B: Contains raritanium

Probability of a positive reading:

98% of 13%(positive when there is raritanium).

0.5% of 100-13 = 87%(false positive, positive when there is no raritanium). So

$P(A) = 0.98*0.13 + 0.005*0.87 = 0.13175$

Positive when there is raritanium:

98% of 13%

$P(A) = 0.98*0.13 = 0.1274$

What is the probability the rock sample actually contains raritanium?

$P(B|A) = \frac{P(A \cap B)}{P(A)} = \frac{0.1274}{0.13175} = 0.967$

0.967 = 96.7% probability the rock sample actually contains raritanium

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Solve the system of equations by row-reduction. At each step, show clearly the symbol of the linear combinations that allow you

adell [148]

Answer:

1) The solution of the system is

$\left\begin{array}{ccc}x_1&=&5\\x_2&=&8\\x_3&=&-13\end{array}\right$

2) The solution of the system is

$\left\begin{array}{ccc}x_1&=&2\\x_2&=&-7\\x_3&=&-1\end{array}\right$

Step-by-step explanation:

1) To solve the system of equations

$\left\begin{array}{ccccccc}&3x_2&-5x_3&=&89\\6x_1&&+x_3&=&17\\x_1&-x_2&+8x_3&=&-107\end{array}\right$

using the row reduction method you must:

Step 1: Write the augmented matrix of the system

$\left[ \begin{array}{ccc|c} 0 & 3 & -5 & 89 \\\\ 6 & 0 & 1 & 17 \\\\ 1 & -1 & 8 & -107 \end{array} \right]$

Step 2: Swap rows 1 and 2

$\left[ \begin{array}{ccc|c} 6 & 0 & 1 & 17 \\\\ 0 & 3 & -5 & 89 \\\\ 1 & -1 & 8 & -107 \end{array} \right]$

Step 3: $\left(R_1=\frac{R_1}{6}\right)$

$\left[ \begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & 0 & \frac{1}{6} & \frac{17}{6} \\\\ 0 & 3 & -5 & 89 \\\\ 1 & -1 & 8 & -107 \end{array} \right]$

Step 4: $\left(R_3=R_3-R_1\right)$

$\left[ \begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & 0 & \frac{1}{6} & \frac{17}{6} \\\\ 0 & 3 & -5 & 89 \\\\ 0 & -1 & \frac{47}{6} & - \frac{659}{6} \end{array} \right]$

Step 5: $\left(R_2=\frac{R_2}{3}\right)$

$\left[ \begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & 0 & \frac{1}{6} & \frac{17}{6} \\\\ 0 & 1 & - \frac{5}{3} & \frac{89}{3} \\\\ 0 & -1 & \frac{47}{6} & - \frac{659}{6} \end{array} \right]$

Step 6: $\left(R_3=R_3+R_2\right)$

$\left[ \begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & 0 & \frac{1}{6} & \frac{17}{6} \\\\ 0 & 1 & - \frac{5}{3} & \frac{89}{3} \\\\ 0 & 0 & \frac{37}{6} & - \frac{481}{6} \end{array} \right]$

Step 7: $\left(R_3=\left(\frac{6}{37}\right)R_3\right)$

$\left[ \begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & 0 & \frac{1}{6} & \frac{17}{6} \\\\ 0 & 1 & - \frac{5}{3} & \frac{89}{3} \\\\ 0 & 0 & 1 & -13 \end{array} \right]$

Step 8: $\left(R_1=R_1-\left(\frac{1}{6}\right)R_3\right)$

$\left[ \begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & 0 & 0 & 5 \\\\ 0 & 1 & - \frac{5}{3} & \frac{89}{3} \\\\ 0 & 0 & 1 & -13 \end{array} \right]$

Step 9: $\left(R_2=R_2+\left(\frac{5}{3}\right)R_3\right)$

$\left[ \begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & 0 & 0 & 5 \\\\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 8 \\\\ 0 & 0 & 1 & -13 \end{array} \right]$

Step 10: Rewrite the system using the row reduced matrix:

$\left[ \begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & 0 & 0 & 5 \\\\ 0 & 1 & 0 & 8 \\\\ 0 & 0 & 1 & -13 \end{array} \right] \rightarrow \left\begin{array}{ccc}x_1&=&5\\x_2&=&8\\x_3&=&-13\end{array}\right$

2) To solve the system of equations

$\left\begin{array}{ccccccc}4x_1&-x_2&+3x_3&=&12\\2x_1&&+9x_3&=&-5\\x_1&+4x_2&+6x_3&=&-32\end{array}\right$

using the row reduction method you must:

Step 1:

$\left[ \begin{array}{ccc|c} 4 & -1 & 3 & 12 \\\\ 2 & 0 & 9 & -5 \\\\ 1 & 4 & 6 & -32 \end{array} \right]$

Step 2: $\left(R_1=\frac{R_1}{4}\right)$

$\left[ \begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & - \frac{1}{4} & \frac{3}{4} & 3 \\\\ 2 & 0 & 9 & -5 \\\\ 1 & 4 & 6 & -32 \end{array} \right]$

Step 3: $\left(R_2=R_2-\left(2\right)R_1\right)$

$\left[ \begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & - \frac{1}{4} & \frac{3}{4} & 3 \\\\ 0 & \frac{1}{2} & \frac{15}{2} & -11 \\\\ 1 & 4 & 6 & -32 \end{array} \right]$

Step 4: $\left(R_3=R_3-R_1\right)$

$\left[ \begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & - \frac{1}{4} & \frac{3}{4} & 3 \\\\ 0 & \frac{1}{2} & \frac{15}{2} & -11 \\\\ 0 & \frac{17}{4} & \frac{21}{4} & -35 \end{array} \right]$

Step 5: $\left(R_2=\left(2\right)R_2\right)$

$\left[ \begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & - \frac{1}{4} & \frac{3}{4} & 3 \\\\ 0 & 1 & 15 & -22 \\\\ 0 & \frac{17}{4} & \frac{21}{4} & -35 \end{array} \right]$

Step 6: $\left(R_1=R_1+\left(\frac{1}{4}\right)R_2\right)$

$\left[ \begin{array}{cccc} 1 & 0 & \frac{9}{2} & - \frac{5}{2} \\\\ 0 & 1 & 15 & -22 \\\\ 0 & \frac{17}{4} & \frac{21}{4} & -35 \end{array} \right]$

Step 7: $\left(R_3=R_3-\left(\frac{17}{4}\right)R_2\right)$

$\left[ \begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & 0 & \frac{9}{2} & - \frac{5}{2} \\\\ 0 & 1 & 15 & -22 \\\\ 0 & 0 & - \frac{117}{2} & \frac{117}{2} \end{array} \right]$

Step 8: $\left(R_3=\left(- \frac{2}{117}\right)R_3\right)$

$\left[ \begin{array}{cccc} 1 & 0 & \frac{9}{2} & - \frac{5}{2} \\\\ 0 & 1 & 15 & -22 \\\\ 0 & 0 & 1 & -1 \end{array} \right]$

Step 9: $\left(R_1=R_1-\left(\frac{9}{2}\right)R_3\right)$

$\left[ \begin{array}{cccc} 1 & 0 & 0 & 2 \\\\ 0 & 1 & 15 & -22 \\\\ 0 & 0 & 1 & -1 \end{array} \right]$

Step 10: $\left(R_2=R_2-\left(15\right)R_3\right)$

$\left[ \begin{array}{cccc} 1 & 0 & 0 & 2 \\\\ 0 & 1 & 0 & -7 \\\\ 0 & 0 & 1 & -1 \end{array} \right]$

Step 11:

$\left[ \begin{array}{ccc|c} 1 & 0 & 0 & 2 \\\\ 0 & 1 & 0 & -7 \\\\ 0 & 0 & 1 & -1 \end{array} \right]\rightarrow \left\begin{array}{ccc}x_1&=&2\\x_2&=&-7\\x_3&=&-1\end{array}\right$

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Answer:

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Step-by-step explanation:

The equation of the line in Slope-Intercept form is:

$y=mx+b$

Where "m" is the slope of the line and "b" is the y-intercept.

To write the given equation in this form, we need to solve for "y":

$9x - 3y = -2\\\\- 3y = -9x-2\\\\y=3x+\frac{2}{3}$

Therefore, you can identify that the slope of this line is:

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And the y-intercept is:

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Calculate

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