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madreJ [45]
3 years ago
7

Write equilibrium constant (KC) for the following reactions

Chemistry
1 answer:
leva [86]3 years ago
3 0

The equilibrium constant(Kc) is equal to the concentration of the products over the concentration of the reactants, and each coefficient of the compound in an equilibrium state

<h3>Further explanation</h3>

The equilibrium constant or Kc is the value of the concentration product in the equilibrium state of the substance in the right segment divided by the product of the substance in the left section, each of which has a reaction coefficient raised

solid (s) and liquid (l) have no concentration, so these two phases are not involved in the equilibrium constant KC (given the value = 1).

The equilibrium constant based on concentration (Kc) in a reaction

pA + qB -----> mC + nD

\tt Kc=\dfrac{[C]^m[D]^n}{[A]^p[B]^q}

1.   N2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 2NO(g)

\tt Kc=\dfrac{[NO]^2}{[N_2][O_2]}

2. N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g)

\tt Kc=\dfrac{[NH_3]^2}{[N_2][H_2]^3}

3. 2SO2(g) + O2(g) ⇌ 3SO3(g)

\tt Kc=\dfrac{[SO_3]^3}{[SO_2]^2[O_2]}

4. 2Fe(S) + 4H2O(g) ⇌Fe3O4(s) +4H2(g)​

\tt Kc=\dfrac{[H_2]^4}{[H_2O]^4}

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Taking advantage of their large differences in pKa values, describe how a mixture of phenol and benzoic acid in diethyl ether so
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Answer:

By adding bicarbonate.

Explanation:

The pka of the phenol (C₆H₅OH) is 10 and the pka of the benzoic acid (C₆H₅COOH) is 4, which means that the benzoic acid is a stronger acid than phenol, so if we want to separate phenol from benzoic acid in diethyl ether we need to first use a weak base that will react with benzoic acid and not with the phenol:  

C₆H₅-COOH + HCO₃⁻  ⇄  C₆H₅-COO⁻  +  H₂CO₃

C₆H₅-OH + HCO₃⁻  ⇄  no reaction

The reaction of the benzoic acid with bicarbonate will produce the benzoate ion that will be soluble in the aqueous layer, while the phenol will remain dissolved in the organic layer, so we can separate the two of them by the separation of the two immiscible layers.      

Having the two layers separated, the benzoic acid can be recovered from the aqueous layer by adding HCl:

C₆H₅-COO⁻ + HCl  ⇄  C₆H₅-COOH + Cl⁻

<u>This acid will precipitate from the aqueous solution, and the solid can be isolated by filtration</u>.  

The phenol in the organic layer can be dissolved into an aqueous layer by the adding of a strong base like NaOH:

C₆H₅-OH + OH⁻  ⇄  C₆H₅-O⁻ + H₂O

The phenoxide ion soluble in the aqueous layer can be recovered later by the adding of HCl, which will form the original phenol:

C₆H₅-O⁻ + HCl  ⇄  C₆H₅-OH + Cl⁻  

<u>The precipitated phenol can be isolated by filtration. </u>

This way we can separate a mixture of phenol and benzoic acid in diethyl ether solution.  

I hope it helps you!

6 0
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