Answer:
Euphemism
Explanation:
Euphemism refers to the term or expression which is used in place of offensive or unpleasant terms. They are used as a medium to disclose certain ideas that are taboo in society. At times, they are focused on amusing thereby covering the offensive reality. The objects are not addressed directly as it may prove negative intended or bring embarrassment. It is used as a means to lessen the negative impact of the word used. As Jane, in the given question uses the term "big-boned", it means that she is using a euphemism. She does not use any negative term as it may bring negative remarks.
As learning occurs over repeated conditioning trails, the conditioned stimulus increasingly predicts the unconditioned stimulus, and prediction error <u>declines</u>.
When the outcome of a conditioning trial is different from that which is predicted by the conditioned stimuli that are present on the trial(i.e.., when the US is surprising). prediction error is necessary to create Pavlovian conditioning (and associative learning generally). So conditioning works to correct or reduce prediction error.
To learn something through classical conditioning, there must first be some prediction error, or the chance that a conditioned stimulus won't lead to the expected outcome. with the example of the bell and the light, because the bell always leads to the reward of food, there's is no "prediction error" that the addition of the light helps to correct. However, if the researcher suddenly requires that the bell and the light both occurs in order to receive the food, the bell alone will produce a prediction error that the animal has to learn.
To know more about prediction error please refer
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Answer:
Landlocked countries face higher transportation costs and delays in importing and exporting merchandise because they lack access to international waters.
Explanation:
A landlocked country is a country that has no coastline. There are disadvantages to being a landlocked country because you need the permission of other countries to access international waters. Particularly before the invention of railways and air travel being landlocked affected the degree of trade a country carried out and how much the trade cost. The landlocked countries also tend to have low Human Development Indices (HDI) are landlocked including Bolivia, Ethiopia, Niger, and Nepal. Even in modern times being landlocked has disadvantages because of transport costs and goods take a long time to exit ports as you rely on other countries who prioritize their own shipments first.
That statement is true.
For example, using words that contain negative connotation such as 'death', or 'crying' would most likely create a gloomy atmosphere within the story.
Authors could use this technique of sentencing to control the type of emotion that readers would felt when reading a certain part of the story.
Answer:
<u><em>Urbanization</em></u>
Explanation:
Urbanization can be described as a major shift when more and more people shift to the urban areas and there is a rapid increase in the population of the urban areas. It is a major population shift from rural areas to urban areas.
Urbanization usually happens because people in the rural areas want a better standard of living. Some people migrate to the urban areas in search of better jobs or work.
