The oxygen atom has 4 valence electrons. Valence electrons are the electrons found in the outermost shell of an atom. These are the electrons that participate in chemical reactions during bonding. Since 4 electrons make up 2 pairs, an oxygen atom is capable of making <em>2 covalent bonds</em>.
Answer:
an increase in 1-butene was observed when t-butoxide was used
Explanation:
When a base reacts with an alkyl halide, an elimination product is formed. This reaction is an E2 reaction.
Here we are to compare the reaction of two different bases with one substrate; 2-bromobutane. Both reactions occur by the E2 mechanism but follow different transition states due to the size of the base.
The Saytzeff product, 2-butene, is obtained when the methoxide is used while the non Saytzeff product, 1-butene, is obtained when t-butoxide is used.
The Saytzeff rule is reliable in predicting the major products of simple elimination reactions of alkyl halides given the fact that a small/strong bases is used for the elimination reaction. Therefore hydroxide, methoxide and ethoxide bases give similar results for the same alkyl halide substrate. Bulky bases such as tert-butoxide tend to yield a higher percentage of the non Saytzeff product and this is usually attributed to steric hindrance.
<span>the atomic mass of nitrogen is 14. There is 1 nitrogen atom in the molecule so the percentage of N is :
14/35 x100% = 40%</span>
When it is acted upon by an outside force
Answer/Explanation:
A theory has lots of scientific evidence to back it up. We know this to be true based on lots of different diseases and studies of their spread.
A hypothesis is more of a starting point - an educated guess based on limited evidence. It requires further testing before becoming a theory.
A law is something that can be generalized to lots of contexts, and is universal. Such as the law of thermodynamics.
