Consuming alcohol* while pregnant* results in Fetal Alcohol Syndrome as well as other birth defects.
By he NIH trying a new drug to help reduce pain associated with sickle-cell anemia, it's an example of an "experiment".
An experiment involves a hypothesis (an educated guess as to what's going to happen) and trying out the hypothesis and finding the solution.
Most bacteria prefer neutral pH (6.5-7.5 )