luconeogenesis is a ubiquitous process, present in plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, and other microorganisms.[2] In vertebrates, gluconeogenesis takes place mainly in the liver and, to a lesser extent, in the cortex of the kidneys. In ruminants, this tends to be a continuous process.[3] In many other animals, the process occurs during periods of fasting, starvation, low-carbohydrate diets, or intense exercise. The process is highly endergonic until it is coupled to the hydrolysis of ATP or GTP, effectively making the process exergonic. For example, the pathway leading from pyruvate to glucose-6-phosphate requires 4 molecules of ATP and 2 molecules of GTP to proceed spontaneously. Gluconeogenesis is often associated with ketosis. Gluconeogenesis is also a target of therapy for type 2 diabetes, such as the antidiabetic drug, metformin, which inhibits glucose formation and stimulates glucose uptake by cells.[4] In ruminants, because dietary carbohydrates tend to be metabolized by rumen organisms, gluconeogenesis occurs regardless of fasting, low-carbohydrate diets, exercise, etc.[5]
Answer:
The answer is true.. it is attached to the carbon backbone.
Answer: (B) Prevailing winds
Explanation: the name for winds that usually blow in the same direction is Prevailing winds
Answer:
The neutrophil forms multiple lamellipodia extensions
Explanation:
Neutrophils are white blood cells (granulocytes) which comprise the first line of defense in the innate immune system. The lamellipodium (in plural, lamellipodia) is a cytoskeletal actin extension found in mobile cells, whose main functions are cell motility and migration. Rac1 is a member of the Rho GTPase protein family which is involved in actin-myosin cytoskeletal reorganization of neutrophil cells in response to microorganism infections. In this regard, it has been shown that Rac1 controls the initial uncapping of actin ends in order to regulate cytoskeleton dynamics, thus regulating lamellipodia formation. By using mice as models, researchers observed that Rac1 constitutive activation may lead to the formation of multiple lamellipodia in neutrophils.
