Answer:
Map distance = Genetic distance, GD = 3.9 MU ≅ 4 MU
Explanation:
The more separated two genes are, the more chances of recombination there will be. The closer they are, the fewer chances of recombination there will be. Two genes that are very close will have a few recombination events and are strongly bounded.
To analyze the recombination frequency, we have to know that:
- 1% of recombination = 1 map unit = 1centi Morgan = 1,000,000 base pairs.
- And that the maximum recombination frequency is always 50%.
The map unit is the distance between the pair of genes for which every 100 meiotic products one of them results in a recombinant one.
Knowing that the genes are linked, we can calculate genetic distances between them. First, we need to identify the genotypes of the parental gametes with the ones of the recombinants. We can recognize the parental gametes in the descendants because their phenotypes are the most frequent, while the recombinants are the less frequent. So:
Parentals:
- black, curved 337
- yellow, straight 364
Recombinants:
- Black, straight 17
- yellow, curved 12
To calculate the recombination frequency we will make use of the next formula: P = Recombinant number / Total of individuals.
P = Recombinant number / Total of individuals.
P = 17 + 12 / 337 + 364 + 17 + 12
P = 29 / 730
P = 0.039
The genetic distance (GD) will result from multiplying that recombination frequency (P) by 100 and expressing it in map units (MU).
GD = P x 100
GD = 0.039 x 100
GD = 3.9 MU ≅ 4 MU
Explanation:
Advantages :
1}These are the main source of power generation.
2}These projects control the floods because water can be stored in them. These projects have converted many, 'rivers of sorrows' into 'rivers of boon'.
3}These projects are the main source of irrigation and also help in conserving soil.
Disadvantages:
1}Dams also fragment rivers making it difficult for aquatic fauna to migrate for spawning, i.e, to produce eggs.
2}It resulted in the displacement of local communities.
3}The multipurpose projects induced earthquakes, caused waterborne diseases.
1) Variability: This is the biggest and most vexing.
Power plants that run on fuel (along with some hydro and geothermal plants) can be ramped up and down on command. They are, in the jargon, "dispatchable." But VRE plants produce power only when the wind is blowing or the sun is shining. Grid operators don't control VRE, they accommodate it, which requires some agility.
2) Uncertainty: The output of VRE plants cannot be predicted with perfect accuracy in day-ahead and day-of forecasts, so grid operators have to keep excess reserve running just in case.
3) Location-specificity: Sun and wind are stronger (and thus more economical) in some places than in others — and not always in places that have the necessary transmission infrastructure to get the power to where it's needed.
4) Nonsynchronous generation: Conventional generators provide voltage support and frequency control to the grid. VRE generators can too, potentially, but it's an additional capital investment.
5) Low capacity factor: VRE plants only run when sun or wind cooperates.
Answer and explanation:
Phenylalanine is an amino acid that is very important for our bodies to function correctly but it isn't synthesized in our cells, so the only way to incorporate it is by having it in our diets, this is why phenylalanine is an essential amino acid.
Phenylalanine can be found in milk, eggs, chicken, and liver, among other foods known to be good protein sources. Given the fact that phenylalanine is an essential amino acid, <u>the amount we ingest of it in our diet will directly impact on the availability of this amino acid in our body</u>.
Phenylalanine is an amino acid and, as such, it will enter the metabolic pathway of protein catabolism, where it will be degraded to be fully usable for the body. Phenylalanine will be metabolized into acetoacetic acid and fumaric acid, and is the precursor of catecholamines such as epinephrine and norepinephrine, while also being part of the structure of several neuropeptides.
Increased heat
Higher concentrations of CO2
Higher light intensities
Water available
