Answer:
In acid-fast staining, carbon fuchsin is used as a primary stain which dissolves the mycolic acid present in the cell wall of <em>Mycobacterium smegmatis </em>and penetrates through it which results in staining <em>Mycobacterium</em> red.
Staphylococcus aureus cell wall does not contain mycolic acid so carbon fuchsin does not penetrate its cell wall, therefore, it becomes colorless after destaining with acid alcohol.
After destaining step methylene blue is added to stain non-acid-fast bacteria blue. So if I mistakenly forgot to use methylene blue during the procedure <em>Mycobacterium smegmatis</em> will appear red due to carbon fuchsin present in their cell wall and S<em>taphylococcus aureus</em> will appear colorless because it is destained.
Answer:
CCAGGCC
CCATCGA
GGCCATC
CAT
AGGCCAT
CATCGAG
Explanation:
Shotgun sequencing is a method used to determine the nucleotide sequence of entire chromosomes/genomes. This sequencing method consists of obtaining random DNA fragments which are subsequently classified by bioinformatic tools that ordering them according to overlapping sequences called contigs. In the whole-genome shotgun (WGS) technique, the entire genome of an organism is sequenced, being the critical factor the depth of sequencing, which refers to the quality of the sequencing reads (e.g., a depth of 20X indicates that the genome is sequenced 20 times by a sequencing machine). For the human genome, WGS became available after the completion of the Human Genome Project (HGP), which enabled the generation of a reference sequence for the whole human genome. The steps of the WGS technique are the following:
1. Preparation of isolated chromosomes
2. The DNA is sheared into small fragments
3. The DNA fragments of about 1 kilobase (1000 base pairs) are incorporated into plasmids which are cloned to render pure samples of each DNA fragment
4. The plasmid clones are sequenced by sequencing machines
5. Bioinformatic tools finally are used to link DNA fragments by their overlapping ends
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<span>To break a protein down into its amino acids you will need enzymes. Enzymes
are biological molecules (proteins) that act as catalysts and help
complex reactions occur everywhere in life. Let's say you ate a piece of
meat. Proteases would go to work and help break down the peptide bonds between the amino acids.
</span>
Explanation:
<u>F. Ribosome</u>
Around the endoplasmic reticulum, proteins are transported. The Endoplasmic Reticulum is a cytoplasmic membrane network. This continuous method not only raises the surface area within the cell but also conducts protein folding, synthesis, and transport.
Further Explanation:
Free ribosomes synthesize most proteins that operate in the cytosol (such as actin) or nucleus (such as DNA polymerase). Proteins that act within the endomembrane system (such as lysosomal enzymes) or those that are intended for cell secretion (such as insulin) are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum ER by bonded ribosomEs.
The rest of the ER that doesn't include ribosomes is called the smooth ER, and may contain lipids, enzymes, and other proteins. The first amino acids in the that polypeptide chain serve as a signal sequence as a protein bound for the endomembrane system is being synthesized by a ribosome. The signal sequence ensures that the ribosome binds to the ER's outer membrane and the protein gets into the ER lumen.
Learn more about cellular life at brainly.com/question/11259903
Learn more about mitochondria at brainly.com/question/8427362
Learn more about mitochondria and similar structures at brainly.com/question/2855039
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