Answer:
4.) France and Great Britain
Explanation:
France and the British Empire were colonial superpowers for more then 400 years. They managed to conquer and control enormous amounts of territory across the planet. One of the continents that they managed to colonize was Africa. There were other countries that had their colonies in Africa too, but these two countries were by far superior. Because they were able to conquer most of the continent, these two European countries managed to make lot of wealth from the natural resources of Africa, as well as its labor force. Also, apart from having benefit, they contributed to the cultural landscape of Africa, with the English and French languages, as well as multiple other cultural traits, such as their religion, became widespread across the continent.
Looking at my history books, they seem to be called radical republicans. Hope this helps :)
