Answer:
The answer is - The calcitonin injections will increase the rat's vertebral bone density (indicated by a less-negative T score)
Explanation:
Calcitonin is produced in the thyroid gland by the parafollicular cells. It is a hormone which prevents the development of osteoporosis by reducing bone resorption and is known to increase bone density. Administering calcitonin to the rats resulted in their T score becoming less negative compared to the control rat therefore showing that it reduced the progression of osteoporosis.
Answer: Alzheimer's disease is associated with widespread neural degeneration, neurofibrils, and amyloid plaques.
2 ATP are lost from the total amount of ATP made thus far between the processes of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle
The energy generation occurs from three pathways. These pathways occur in a sequential way beginning from glycolysis followed by Tricarboxylic acid cycle and subsequently oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria. The beginning molecule for this is glucose. Now, the glycolysis is an anaerobic process, which generates net 2 ATP. Further 36 ATP are generated in TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation that takes place in mitochondria.
Former is an anaerobic process while the latter two are aerobic processes. So addition of the drug will inhibit citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Though, 2 ATP have been formed through glycolysis. Thus, these 2 ATP will be wasted. Additionally, energy generation also occurs through production of lactic acid, which is further metabolized into ethanol and carbon dioxide. The abbreviation used here ATP refers to Adenosine Triphosphate.
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Answer:
Sneezing is a protective reflex, and is sometimes a sign of various medical condi- tions. Sneezing has been a remarkable sign throughout the history. In Asia and Europe, superstitions regarding sneezing extend through a wide range of races and countries, and it has an ominous significance. Although sneezing is a protective reflex response, little else is known about it.
Explanation: