Answer: False
Explanation: On the contrary, reinforcement theory is based on explanations for behavioural change by repeating behaviour with positive consequences while, of course, that with negative consequences is not repeated. This is accomplished by the desired shaping of behaviour, that is, shaping into certain direction, that is, in a positive direction by using a reward to reinforce positive behaviour and correcting unwanted behaviour by using a punishment for behaviour with negative consequences. This theory and its use is in fact a method for modifying behaviour.
Answer:
The correct answer is C. A judge could throw out the teen's confession unless the officer complies with the ruling in Miranda v. Arizona.
Explanation:
Miranda v. Arizona is a ruling of the United States Supreme Court from 1966. The case established the current practice whereby a suspect is required to read his or her rights (the so-called Miranda rights) without exception, which state the right to before a preliminary investigation of the suspect has begun.
That was the decision in Ernesto Miranda's trial. Miranda was arrested on suspicion of kidnapping and sexual assault of an 18-year-old girl on prima facie evidence. After two hours of questioning, Miranda signed the confession. However, he had never been informed of the possibility of meeting a legal adviser or of being silent, and that his confession could not be used against him. During the trial, Miranda's attorney, Alvin Moore, argued that confession would therefore not apply in court. Moore's objection was rejected and Miranda was sentenced to a lengthy prison sentence. The Arizona Supreme Court also upheld the ruling.
The United States Supreme Court, by a vote of 5 to 4, ruled that, due to the Fifth and Sixth Amendment to the Constitution, no confession would be valid unless the suspect was informed of his rights. The Fifth Amendment states that no one can be compelled to testify against himself and the Sixth Addendum secures access to a lawyer. Ernesto Miranda's judgment was overturned, but he was later sentenced to prison for the same case, based on other evidence.
It is not always good to expect from people. There is much more satisfaction in expecting more from yourself when you know that you can do more. Learn to be independent. We are free humans, safe from slavery unlike in the old days. There is much more freedom available for a majority of the people around the world. Therefore, one must take advantage of this. Learn to stand on your own feet, and look for people who can actually be available and will be concerned with your personal problems. Maybe you are the one who can help them before they can help you. It is a give and take situation sometimes.
