To handle the wide variety of disabilities, a number of definitional models have been created. When new policies, rules, regulations, and institutions are created that have an impact on the lives of persons with disabilities, society can use models of disability as a guide. The Medical Model, Functional Model, and Social Model are the three most widely utilized models of disability.
⇒The medical model conceptualizes disability as a condition that a person has and focuses on preventing, treating, or curing the disabling condition. This model describes disability as the result of a health condition, disease, or caused by a trauma that can disrupt a person's functioning in a physiological or cognitive way.
⇒Functional Paradigm This model conceptualizes disability as an impairment or deficit, just like the medical model does. Physical, physiological, or cognitive deficiencies are the root of disability. A person's functionality or capacity to carry out functional activities is limited by their impairment in and of itself.
⇒Social Paradigm This model places more emphasis on the obstacles that persons with disabilities must overcome than it does on the weaknesses and limitations of the person with a disability. According to this paradigm, a person's environment and obstacles are what prevent them from engaging in certain activities rather than their handicap or condition.
The best model fits for conception of disability is:
⇒Biomedical Model In the western world, the biomedical model of health predominates and only considers biological aspects in relation to health. A medical model of disability is included in the biomedical model of health. Similar to the last example, this concentrates on disability solely in terms of the impairment it causes the person. The biopsychosocial model and the biomedical model are frequently compared.
Yes, this tie into applications in the community, workplace and schools because Disability models serve as instruments for defining impairment and, in the end, as a foundation for societal and governmental plans to address the needs of the disabled.
They are frequently viewed with skepticism since it is believed that they do not represent the real world, are frequently imperfect and promote a limited way of thinking, and rarely provide specific instructions for taking action.
However, they provide a helpful foundation for understanding disability concerns as well as the viewpoint of individuals who developed and used the models.
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