Answer:
The tragedy of the commons.
Explanation:
Andrew taking two cupcakes instead of one results in one family member losing their cupcake. This is an example of <em>the tragedy of the commons</em>. This term is used in social science to describe the behavior of an individual who overuses a limited shared resource in his benefit. This is done to obtain an individual short-term gain that provokes a long-term loss for the group. This is a behavior that shows an individual caring for his self-interest and not caring for the common good.
Answer:
The looking-glass self.
Explanation:
<u>The looking-glass self</u> is a sociological theory created by American sociologist Charles Cooley. This theory refers to a process where individuals base their self-image or self-worth on how they believe they are perceived by others. Cooley mentions there are three steps in this process: how we believe we appear to other people; how we believe they judge us, and how we act or change depending on how we judge others. In this example, Martin has formed an idea of how he thinks others see him and judge him - ridiculous and as a slob because of the stain on his shirt. This leads to him feeling embarrassed.
<u>forced Black South Africans into poverty and hopelessness. ... Black people could not marry white people. They could not set up businesses in white areas. Everywhere from hospitals to beaches was segregated.</u>
