The act that gave freedmen the same rights as other American citizens with the exceptions of the right to vote is :
Civil rights act of 1866
Hope this helps
Because of the enslaved persons clause, escaped enslaved persons from one state cannot be PROTECTED by other states. The clause required slaves who flees to another state to be returned to the owner in the state from which that person escaped.
They use the separation goal
This means that they live separated from the mainstream communities and live in close knit small societies. Usually many of them never leave their societies and are not familiar with contemporary life styles outside of their communities.
Just looked it up n I got December 15, 1791