Duke Ellington was one of the most celebrated jazz musicians of the 1920's. He was an American composer, pianist, and bandleader of a jazz orchestra. He led his orchestra from 1923 up until his death in 1974.
An invisible line, known as the 180 DEGREE LINE or AXIS OF ACTION, runs through the space of the scene. The camera can shoot from any position within one side of that line, but it may never cross it. This convention ensures that the shot will have consistent spatial relations and screen directions.
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It's a condition in which people see white or black dots in parts or the whole of their visual fields.
There were actually several building techniques that were introduced by the Romans, but perhaps the most important was the bridge building technique that allowed bridges to be built without supports.
F-stop determines highlights.
