Push factors include war, famine, descrimination ect. in the native country of the migrant eg Irish people were pushed to emigrate to america and england during the Great Hunger (1845-1849)
pull factors include the promise of good job opportunities in america, hot climate, ect
The Renaissance was the ending period of Medieval times when societies were already opening and able to create a period of cultural, artistic, political and economic rebirth from the dark ages of Medieval times.
During this period religion was put aside and philosophy, literature, and art became the center of the knowledge, which was also a change from the Medieval period.
We can say that the Renaissance is a part of the Middle Ages because it is the end of it before the modern-day civilization.
In the Elizabethan great chain of being, it was "minerals" that were at the lowest rung of human society, since it was believed that these were the foundations of plant life and nothing more.