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german
2 years ago
11

Standard Error from a Formula and a Bootstrap Distribution Sample A has a count of 30 successes with and Sample B has a count of

50 successes with . Use StatKey or other technology to generate a bootstrap distribution of sample differences in proportions and find the standard error for that distribution. Compare the result to the value obtained using the formula for the standard error of a difference in proportions from this section.
Mathematics
1 answer:
tia_tia [17]2 years ago
5 0

Answer:

Using a formula, the standard error is: 0.052

Using bootstrap, the standard error is: 0.050

Comparison:

The calculated standard error using the formula is greater than the standard error using bootstrap

Step-by-step explanation:

Given

Sample A                          Sample B

x_A = 30                              x_B = 50

n_A = 100                             n_B =250

Solving (a): Standard error using formula

First, calculate the proportion of A

p_A = \frac{x_A}{n_A}

p_A = \frac{30}{100}

p_A = 0.30

The proportion of B

p_B = \frac{x_B}{n_B}

p_B = \frac{50}{250}

p_B = 0.20

The standard error is:

SE_{p_A-p_B} = \sqrt{\frac{p_A * (1 - p_A)}{n_A} + \frac{p_A * (1 - p_B)}{n_B}}

SE_{p_A-p_B} = \sqrt{\frac{0.30 * (1 - 0.30)}{100} + \frac{0.20* (1 - 0.20)}{250}}

SE_{p_A-p_B} = \sqrt{\frac{0.30 * 0.70}{100} + \frac{0.20* 0.80}{250}}

SE_{p_A-p_B} = \sqrt{\frac{0.21}{100} + \frac{0.16}{250}}

SE_{p_A-p_B} = \sqrt{0.0021+ 0.00064}

SE_{p_A-p_B} = \sqrt{0.00274}

SE_{p_A-p_B} = 0.052

Solving (a): Standard error using bootstrapping.

Following the below steps.

  • Open Statkey
  • Under Randomization Hypothesis Tests, select Test for Difference in Proportions
  • Click on Edit data, enter the appropriate data
  • Click on ok to generate samples
  • Click on Generate 1000 samples ---- <em>see attachment for the generated data</em>

From the randomization sample, we have:

Sample A                          Sample B

x_A = 23                              x_B = 57

n_A = 100                             n_B =250

p_A = 0.230                          p_A = 0.228

So, we have:

SE_{p_A-p_B} = \sqrt{\frac{p_A * (1 - p_A)}{n_A} + \frac{p_A * (1 - p_B)}{n_B}}

SE_{p_A-p_B} = \sqrt{\frac{0.23 * (1 - 0.23)}{100} + \frac{0.228* (1 - 0.228)}{250}}

SE_{p_A-p_B} = \sqrt{\frac{0.1771}{100} + \frac{0.176016}{250}}

SE_{p_A-p_B} = \sqrt{0.001771 + 0.000704064}

SE_{p_A-p_B} = \sqrt{0.002475064}

SE_{p_A-p_B} = 0.050

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Step-by-step explanation:

Let's re-write the equations in order to get the variables as separated in independent terms as possible \:

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\frac{xy}{x+y} =1\\xy=x+y\\1=\frac{x+y}{xy} \\1=\frac{1}{y} +\frac{1}{x}

Second equation:

\frac{xz}{x+z} =2\\xz=2\,(x+z)\\\frac{1}{2} =\frac{x+z}{xz} \\\frac{1}{2} =\frac{1}{z} +\frac{1}{x}

Third equation:

\frac{yz}{y+z} =3\\yz=3\,(y+z)\\\frac{1}{3} =\frac{y+z}{yz} \\\frac{1}{3}=\frac{1}{z} +\frac{1}{y}

Now let's subtract term by term the reduced equation 3 from the reduced equation 1 in order to eliminate the term that contains "y":

1=\frac{1}{y} +\frac{1}{x} \\-\\\frac{1}{3} =\frac{1}{z} +\frac{1}{y}\\\frac{2}{3} =\frac{1}{x} -\frac{1}{z}

Combine this last expression term by term with the reduced equation 2, and solve for "x" :

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