Transatlantic slave trade, segment of the global slave trade that transported between 10 million and 12 million enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas from the 16th to the 19th century. It was the second of three stages of the so-called triangular trade, in which arms, textiles, and wine were shipped from Europe to Africa, slaves from Africa to the Americas, and sugar and coffee from the Americas to Europe.

Explanation:

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3.6.46-T Consider the following sample data for two variables. x 7 8 5 3 9 y 7 5 9 7 7 a. Calculate the sample covariance. b. Ca

Mrac [35]

Answer:

1. Co-variance= -1.2

2. correlation coefficient= -0.4404

3. There is weak negative relationship between x and y.

Explanation:

Co-variance= Cov(x,y)= sum[(x-xbar)(y-ybar)]/n

xbar=sumx/n=32/5=6.4

ybar=sumy/n=35/5=7

x 7 8 5 3 9

x-xbar 0.6 1.6 -1.4 -3.4 2.6

y 7 5 9 7 7

y-ybar 0 -2 2 0 0

(x-xbar)(y-ybar) 0 -3.2 -2.8 0 0

Cov(x,y)= sum[(x-xbar)(y-ybar)]/n=-6/5=-1.2

Cov(x,y)=-1.2

correlation coefficient=r

$r=\frac{sum(x-xbar)(y-ybar)}{\sqrt{sum(x-xbar)^2sum(y-ybar)^2} }$

x 7 8 5 3 9

x-xbar 0.6 1.6 -1.4 -3.4 2.6

y 7 5 9 7 7

y-ybar 0 -2 2 0 0

(x-xbar)(y-ybar) 0 -3.2 -2.8 0 0

(x-xbar)² 0.36 2.56 1.96 11.56 6.76

(y-ybar)² 0 4 4 0 0

$r=\frac{-6}{\sqrt{23.2(8)} }$

r=-0.4404

3. Since the value of correlation coefficient is negative and less than 0.5 , so, we can say that there is weak negative relationship between x and y.

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