They have limited evidence about the long term consequences, health risks and side effects
There is still limited study on the effects of having low carbohydrates diet. Evidence are not enough to guarantee the safety and efficacy of this type of diet specially in losing weight. The effect of having low carbohydrates in the diet can lead to decrease output of the thyroid, increased input on cortisol, impaired mood and cognitive function, muscle catabolism, suppressed immune function.
Answer:
Mechanical barriers — which include the skin , mucous membranes , and fluids such as tears and urine — physically block pathogens from entering the body. Chemical barriers — such as enzymes in sweat , saliva , and semen — kill pathogens on body surfaces.
Glucagon
This is a hormone that deals with blood sugar homeostasis. When blood sugar levels are low, glucagon is produced to convert the fats in the reserve back to glucose until normal levels are achieved.
Explanation:
Bone remodeling involves coordinations of osteoclasts and osteoblasts cells in the bone. The former breaks down bone tissue while the latter mineralizes bones. Calcium is the main ion in the body significant in mineralization of bone. Excess Ca2+ is stored in bone while low calcium levels in blood result in bone resorption.
Stress on a bone also causes increased mineralization to strengthen the bone against this stress. This is why astronauts when they go to space, due to less stress from low gravity, bone loses its mass. When they return back to earth, the bone readjusts to the increased stress from higher gravity by increased mineralization.
The hormone responsible for bone homeostasis is parathyroid hormone.
Learn More:
To learn more about bones check out; brainly.com/question/4128260
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one reason for the decline inthe population of marine iguqnes is that invasive speciesnare preying upon themvand there eggs hope this helps
Humans obtain nitrogen by eating other organisms.
