proteins are one of the most abundant organic molecules in living systems and have the most diverse range of functions of all macro molecules. the functions of proteins are very diverse because there are 20 different chemically distinct amino acids that form long chains, and the amino acids can be in any order. For example, proteins can function as enzymes or hormones.
<span>R group (or side chain) is an organic component of amino acids that is unique to each amino acid. </span> <span>Three of the amino acids have basic side chains at neutral pH: arginine (Arg), lysine (Lys), and histidine (His). Their side chains contain nitrogen and resemble ammonia, which is a base and their pKa's are high enough that they tend to bind protons, (positive charge). Aspartic acid or aspartate (Asp) and glutamic acid or glutamate (Glu) are acidic amino acids because their side chains have carboxylic acid groups whose pKa's are low enough to lose protons, (negatively charged). The non-polar amino acids contain uncharged functional groups<span> at physiological pH and are incapable of participating in hydrogen bonding. </span></span>
Earth changes all the time, making it a <u>dynamic </u>planet.
A benign tumour is generally not dangerous as they grow usually within a membrane in one space. They can however grow really big in a short space of time and can cause pressure on neighbouring blood vessels which can be dangerous.
Metastatic or malignant tumours are dangerous and cancerous. After they grow, some cells break off and travel in the bloodstream to a different area of the body (usually the main organs) and forms a secondary tumour there. This keeps happening until the cancer has spread to all of the body.
**_hope this helps**
Messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules carry the coding sequences for protein synthesis and are called transcripts; ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules form the core of a cell's ribosomes (the structures in which protein synthesis takes place); and transfer RNA<span> (tRNA) molecules carry amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis.</span>
