Peter the Hermit was an attentive listener to Pope Urban II's cries and begged that people have to rescue the Holy Sepulchre. He was a monk and was part of the holy men in the audience. Because he was so stirred with the speech of Pope Urban II, he began preaching to men, women, and children in favor of war against the Turks.
He was able to gather many people and that started the Crusade. Alongside other leaders, he led one side of the troop and began the march. People waged to rescue Jerusalem from the Mohammedans. Therefore, the answer to this item is the first choice.
<u>Answer:</u>
B: Spain was a weaker nation and France a stronger one.
This was the result of the Thirty Years' War.
<u>Explanation:</u>
There were various reasons, religious, territorial and commercial rivalries which led to a thirty-year war, from 1618 to 1648 in European’s history. It started with the Holy Roman emperor imposing Roman Catholic absolutism on his domains and the protest of Bohemians and Austrians to the same.
Various other political reasons kept fueling the war between Poland, Spain, Russia, Moscow. In all these conflicts, Germany suffered the most. So, it couldn’t become a unified state. At the end, peace of Westphalia recognized Europe as an organisation of equal independent states. France emerged as the strongest nation as Spain was hurt badly.
Thomas Hobbes thought that all humans were naturally selfish and greedy, and needed the power of an absolute ruler to hold them back. He thought that the people should obey the rulers every word. Locke said that a true government was meant to protect all natural rights of a person, and that the people had to have a voice in government. He was against the monarchy, because he believed that it was not protecting the natural rights of the people, and reversely, going against them.
