Answer:
Cytokines made by other innate cells, such as macrophages or dendritic cells
Explanation:
Innate Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs) on Dendritic cells and macrophages sense and respond to PAMPs and produce cytokines. Cytokines start the innate immune response.
The cytokines are produced in response to pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) such as peptidoglycan monomers or CpG sequences on bacterial and viral genomes. Cytokines produced in response to pathogen receptors on cell surfaces, such as the inflammatory cytokines IL-1, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-alpha, chemokines and type I interferons that act on leukocytes so as to promote and control early inflammatory responses.
So the original weight is 175 pounds, and the after weight is 161 pounds. so you can subtract 175 by 161, and then divide it by 175 pounds. finally times it by 100, you will get 8%
Answer:
Explanation:
Without soil to absorb the excess water, a heavy rainstorm will cause massive flooding. The water will accumulate over the pavement and keep rising until it finds soil or a runoff since water always levels itself out. To prevent situations such as this one an engineer should implement drainage tunnels between the road and the sidewalks. This would allow the water to be drained and flow to the nearby body of water. This would easily prevent flooding during a heavy rainstorm.
