The type of problem that exists when people who can’t be excluded from using a good (product) choose not to pay for it is called a free-rider problem.
<h3>What is a
free-rider problem?</h3>
A free-rider problem can be defined as a type of market failure and burden that typically occurs when people who benefit from public goods or shared resources refuse to pay for them.
This ultimately implies that, a free-rider problem is the type of problem that exists when people who can’t be excluded from using a good (product) choose not to pay for it.
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Answer:
B
Explanation:
You have to pay for a vaccination, and people want and sometimes need the vaccine. The taxes the hospital pays are from the public indirectly. Therefore, vaccinations are sources of the public good.
Answer:
a closed shop
Explanation:
Based on the scenario being described within the question it can be said that this provision reflects a closed shop. This term refers to a specific place of employment in which all the individual's who are employed in this place must currently belong to an agreed trade union and be following all the guidelines set forth by the union. Such as the Overnight Construction Company has stated that must be the case in order to hire an individual.
Answer: D. less than
Explanation:
Firms generally maximise output at the point where Marginal Revenue equals Marginal Cost. Any output greater than this point will lead to a higher amount of marginal cost being incurred vs marginal revenue which also means that a higher proportion of total cost was being incurred.
If a company therefore decides to remedy this and reduces output, this will lead to a fall in both revenue and cost. However, because the cost had been higher past that point, when it falls back to the maximising level, costs will fall more than revenue so that marginal revenue will equal cost again. This also means that total cost would fall more than total revenue.