Fahrenholz's rule is supported when: comparison of phylogenies for host and parasite show a correlated pattern of evolution
<h3>What is Fahrenholz's rule ?</h3>
The close correspondence is observed between the taxonomy of parasites and their hosts and this has led to Fahrenholz's rule. This rule postulates that parasites and the hosts speciate in synchrony.
This leads to a prediction that phylogenetic trees of parasites and their hosts are topologically identical.
when the only events in the process of reciprocal natural selection in the host and parasite lineages were those of contemporaneous speciation in both the lineages then host and parasite phylogenies are fully congruent, hence supporting Fahrenholz'srule.
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Explanation:
The inbreeding process, are blood crossings between relatives who have a common ancestor. Inbreeding leads to an increase in the frequency of homozygous genotypes and a decrease in the frequency of heterozygotes. We may also note that although changes in genotypic frequencies occur, no changes in allelic frequencies are observed over successive generations of self-fertilization. The main consequence of 2 individuals sharing one or more common ancestors is that they may carry replicas (identical copies) of one or more genes present in these ancestors. And if these individuals mate, they can pass on such replicas to their offspring, generating self-sibling offspring, that is, with two identical copies of the same gene that was present in these common ancestors.
Answer:
Humans have destroyed and modified various locations, such as forests, jungles, oceans. They begin to modify an environment in order to build new infrastructures, like buildings, factories, or even communities.
Explanation:
The reason for this is because they want to get as much resources for economic purposes, like for example mines, touristic places, factories. At first, this interaction affects the environment more, because of the loss of species or resources due to the human activity. Then, after this, it will affect the human, because of the lack of resources and global contamination caused by the environment being destroyed or modified.
The smallest unit of a compound is called a molecule. Molecules are made
up of atoms that are held together by bonds which is a result by
sharing or exchange of electrons.
Epigenetic changes are those which do not involve alterations in the DNA sequence. These are caused due to interaction of the genome with the environment.
<h3>
When are alterations epigenetic?</h3>
- Epigenetic modifications or tags include DNA methylation and histone modification.
- These changes alter DNA accessibility and chromatin structure thus regulating gene expression.
- These are the reversible, heritable changes which do not change your DNA sequence, but they can change how your body reads a DNA sequence.
- These are necessary for the normal development of organisms.
- Stable, long-term epigenetic modifications involve DNA methylation.
- Flexible, short-term changes involve histone modifications, such as methylation and acetylation.
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