Answer:
Constitutionalism is a political movement and philosophy that states that the ruling power is bound to respect certain rights of its subjects. According to modern constitutionalism, the form of government must be based on a constitution.
Constitutionalism includes both the empowerment and the limitation of power, both granting power and specifying its scope and purpose. Constitutionalism is considered to promote the principles of the rule of law, the principle of predictability, and to prevent arbitrary administration of justice. According to constitutionalism, laws and judgments in countries with common law can be declared invalid because they are contrary to the constitution if it is done in accordance with the principle of transparency, usually by a constitutional court or a court with similar jurisdiction.
Answer:
The question is incomplete. These are the claims of the Classical Theory of Criminology;
- The first basic claim made by the classical theory of crime causation is that human beings are fundamentally rational, and most human behavior is the result of free will and rational choice.
- The classical theory believes that crime is a result of pain and pleasure which are the two central determinants of human behavior.
- The classical theory of crime causation is that to deter law violators punishment must be meted accordingly to serve as an example to others who would also violate this law.
- The classical theory of crime causation also believes that it cannot be denied that the root principles of right and wrong are in the nature of things.
- Also according to the classical theory, crime is an immoral behavior degrades the relationship quality that exists between individuals and society.
Explanation:
The classical theory is a school of thought popular in 18th century Europe. It believes that criminals were rational and that the severity of legal punishment should be restricted to the degree necessary for deterrence.
There are five key principles to understanding the classical school of thought. They are; Rationality, Hedonism, punishment and human rights
