<span>The question is describing the Bill of Rights, written by James Madison in response to calls from several states for greater constitutional protection for individual liberties.</span>
Answer:
federal system
Explanation:
Federal system or Federalism is a constitutional system in which <u>the power is divided between the national government and the regional governments</u>. In the United States, both the state governments and the national government have large amount of authority.
I would be very skeptical of a phrase "reason enough to commit a crime" - a "good" reason to commit a crime is a very debatable thing.
But think of it like this, if the unequal basic service access means for example access to clean water and a father decides to steal some bottles of mineral water from a shop for his sick son, then he was motivated by the lack of access to clean water (while some people living in a rich areas might have clean water running from their taps) - so in some cases, yes, might be a reason to commit a crime.
This really depends on the context and the particular situation.
This is most likely because of the ease when making judicial rulings. If there is an odd number of judges, then there will rarely be a tie vote. This can only occur when judges decide to abstain from voting. Most likely, the current court has an odd number of Justices to prevent an evenly split decision.