The epidermis includes five main layers: the stratum corneum, stratum lucidium, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, and stratum germinativum.
Answer: This is TRUE for me. Osteoporosis is a preventable disease.
Explanation:
In this condition, bone density ( the amount of bone tissue) is reduced because it's deposition does not keep pace with resorption. Although the bone is adequately mineralised, it is fragile and microscopically abnormal, with loss of internal structure.
Peak bone mass occurs around 35 years and then gradually declines in both sexes. Lowered oestrogen levels after the menopause are associated with a period of accelerated bone loss in women. Thereafter bone density in women is less than in men for any given age. That is why in North America, one-third of all women experience fractures because of this disease, amounting to about 2 million bone fractures per year.
Common features of osteoporosis are:
--> skeletal deformity: gradual loss of height with age, caused by compression of vertebrae.
--> bone pain
--> fractures: especially of the hip ( neck of femur), wrist and vertebrae.
It is TRUE for me that some risk factors can't be changed ( which is the low oestrogen levels that occur after menopause in women) but others, such as poor calcium intake, can.
Exercise and Calcium intake during childhood and adolescence are important in determining eventual bone mass of an individual and in preventing risk of osteoporosis in later life.
Answer:
The correct answer will be option- C.
Explanation:
Dehydration is the loss of water from the body in the response to which body undergoes physiological and metabolic changes as:
1. The hypothalamus produces Anti-diuretic hormone or ADH from the posterior of the pituitary gland which produces its effect on the kidney to reabsorb the water.
2. The body produces renin, angiotensin II and aldosterone which increases the permeability of the distal convoluted tubule and the collecting ducts.
3. The extracellular blood or the blood becomes more concentrated due to dehydration.
Thus, option- C which is that renal tubules decrease water reabsorption is the incorrect option as water absorption is increased in the kidney.
Answer: C. A researcher may claim that one variable causes another to occur if test results are significant.
Explanation:
Correlation analysis is not meant to show causation between variables but merely to find out if there is a relationship.
While there is a chance of one variable causing another if they are correlated, it is not always the case as there might be another unforeseen variable.
Even if results are significant, a researcher should never claim that one variable can cause another from correlation analysis.
