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omeli [17]
3 years ago
11

A 68-year-old female who was admitted with shortness of breath. On your arrival, the patient appears drowsy and is on 10L of oxy

gen via a mask.
You perform an ABG, which reveals the following results:

• PaO2: 52.5 mmHg
• pH: 7.29
• PaCO2: 68 mmHg
• HCO3–: 26
What does the ABG show:
Oxygenation (PaO2):
pH:
PaCO2:
HCO3–:
Interpretation:

What symptoms or signs are associated with hypercapnia (↑CO2)?
Medicine
1 answer:
zloy xaker [14]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Arterial blood gas (ABG) results from a 68-year-old woman with difficulty breathing show:

  • Oxygenation (PaO₂): hypoxemia
  • pH: acidosis
  • PaCO₂: Hypercapnia
  • HCO₃⁻: normal

whose interpretation is: <u>respiratory acidosis</u>.

Hypercapnia can produce symptoms such as confusion, drowsiness or lethargy, headache, nausea and vomiting and, in severe states, can cause severe unconsciousness and coma.

Explanation:

Respiratory acidosis is due to a failure in the breathing process that produces <u>hypoventilation</u>, decreasing the partial pressure of oxygen (PaO₂) —hypoxemia— and increasing the partial pressure of CO₂ (PaCO₂), called hypercapnia.

  • <u><em>Acidosis</em></u><em> is the result of the accumulation of CO₂ in the body, which is reflected as a decrease in </em><em>pH</em><em> below 7.35, with no change in bicarbonate content.</em>
  • <u><em>Hypoxemia</em></u><em> is the decrease of PaO₂ below 60 mmHg.</em>
  • <u><em>Hypercapnia</em></u><em> is the increase of PaCO₂ in ABG above 45 mmHg.</em>
  • <em>Normal </em><em>bicarbonate</em><em> </em><em>(HCO₃⁻) </em><em>values range from 22 to 28 mEq/L in ABG. This compound can be altered in metabolic acidosis.</em>

<u>Hypercapnia mainly affects the nervous system</u>, producing symptoms that alter the state of consciousness of the affected, also producing headache and even nausea and vomiting.

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