The calculation for ROC is simple in that it takes the current value of a stock or index and divides it by the value from an earlier period. Subtract one and multiply the resulting number by 100 to give it a percentage representation.
The claim is the alternative hypothesis. H1 ; which is a researcher's opinion that the proportion of Americans aged 65 and above using the internet as changed from the mean value of 10.7% (0.107). The direction of the change is not given, hence. We cannot use the greater or less Than sign as the direction of the change isn't specified by the researcher or data Given. Hence, the shift could be either to the right or left. Hence, the use of the equal to and not equal to sign.
The null will oppose the alternative hypothesis and take the stance that the proportion hasn't changed from the initial mean.