<span>Surface proteins are specialized integral membrane proteins that allow communication between the cell and the extracellular space.
Membrane spanning proteins are integral proteins that span the entire phospholipid bilayer.These trans membrane proteins contains one or more membrane spanning domains as well as domains from four to several hundred residues long,extending in to aqueous medium on each side of the bilayer.</span>
Decline in the global population of amphibians is due to multiple reasons which include:
A moist ecosystem is necessary for amphibians especially for the purpose of their reproduction. The drainage of the wetlands deprives them of their habitat.
Pollutants adversely affects the survival of the gametes, tadpoles or the adult amphibians by acting as toxic agents and inhibiting their normal metabolic function.
Infectious diseases often cause their death resulting their population to decline.
Global climate warming affects their normal metabolic growth and development and hence causes their population to decline.
