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KengaRu [80]
3 years ago
9

with reference to relevant legislation , case law, and secondary sources briefly explain different functions of taxation

Business
1 answer:
svetlana [45]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

Tax is a statutory obligation to pay an amount to the state or other public body, which is imposed on a person or company on the basis of their activities, without a direct connection to consideration from the payee. The main purpose is usually to finance the public sector. The tax can also have other purposes, such as equalizing income or influencing people's actions with the help of financial incentives.

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Factors of production im pretty sure
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Financial institutions such as commercial banks, bond mutual funds, insurance companies, and pension funds maintain large portfo
inessss [21]

Answer:

The correct answer is letter "B": unfavorably; increases.

Explanation:

As a measure to control inflation in the economy, the Federal Reserve (Fed) tends to <em>increase </em>the interest rate. This to have banks request fewer loans from the central bank which will result in offering fewer credits to individuals. If people have fewer sources of debt, the possibilities that an economic bubble -<em>continuous increase in price due to continuous increase in demand</em>- appear decreases.

However, if people have fewer sources of debt, private investment decreases, causing an <em>unfavorable </em>panorama for financial institutions offering large portfolios of assets.

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3 years ago
You manage an equity fund with an expected risk premium of 10.2% and a standard deviation of 16%. The rate on Treasury bills is
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idk

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6 0
3 years ago
All of the following questions are open-ended problems. You must compute an answer for every problem. For percentage answers, ca
DerKrebs [107]

Solution :

13. Net income = total assets x ROA

                   = $ 1,000,000 x 12%

                  = $ 120,000

Net Income for company is $120,000.

Net Profit margin = 4.25%

Total sales = net income / net profit margin

                  = $ 120,000 / 4.25%

                  = $ 2,823,529

Total sales for company is $ 2,823,529

14. Debt ratio = 72%

   So weight of debt = 72%

   Weight of equity = 1 - 72%

                                = 28%

   Debt equity ratio  $=\frac{72 \%}{28 \%}$  

                                 =  2.57

   Debt equity ratio is 2.57

15. Debt ratio = 42.50%

So, weight of debt = 42.50%

Weight of equity = 1 - 42.50%

                             = 57.50%

Weight of equity is 57.50%.

Return on equity = 15%.

Return on assets = 57.50% × 15%

                            = 8.625%

Return on assets is 8.625%.

16.

Debt Equity ratio = 1.45

Weight of debt = 59.18%

Weight of equity = 40.82%

Return on assets = 16%

Return on equity = 16% / 40.82%

                              = 39.20%

Return on equity is 39.20%.

17.

Total Assets turnover = Sales / Total Assets

                                     = (Net Income / Total Assets) / (Net Income / Sales)

                                    = ROA / Net Profit margin

                                      = 7.50% / 15%

                                      = 0.50

Total Assets turnover is 0.50.

8 0
3 years ago
“The Designers” an international furniture making company wants to expand its business in Pakistan by introducing its specialize
tankabanditka [31]

Answer:

a. I would consider consider leasing since the profits gained from leasing ($216,978,355.60) is greater compared to the profits if a spot rate is considered ($214,676,191.10) in 4 years.

b. I would consider consider leasing since the value gained from leasing ($123,553,875.20) is greater compared to the value if a spot rate is considered ($120,982,986.80) in 2 years.  

Explanation:

a. Determine best option

<em>Step 1: Determine total revenue per year if they meet the demand.</em>

Total revenue per year=revenue per chair×number of chairs per year

where;

revenue per chair=Rs.20,000

number of chairs per year=4,000 units

replacing;

Total revenue per year=(20,000×4,000)=$80,000,000

<em>Step 2: Determine the net revenue per year for Leasing</em>

Net revenue=total revenue-total cost for leasing

total cost for leasing=cost per chair per square feet×area per chair×number of chairs

where;

cost per chair per square feet=10,000/100=$100

area per chair=10 square feet

number of chairs=4,000

replacing;

total cost for leasing=100×10×4,000=$4,000,000

Net revenue=80,000,000-4,000,000=76,000,000 per year

<em>Step 3: Determine the present value of the net revenue per year for Leasing</em>

Year       Future cash flow            Present cash flow                 Amount

 1            76,000,000               76,000,000/{(1+0.15)^1}         66,086,956.52

 2           76,000,000               76,000,000/{(1+0.15)^2}         57,466,918.71

 3           76,000,000               76,000,000/{(1+0.15)^3}         49,971,233.66

 4           76,000,000               76,000,000/{(1+0.15)^4}         43,453,246.67

Total present value of the future net revenue for leasing=(66,086,956.52+57,466,918.71+49,971,233.66+43,453,246.67)=

$216,978,355.60

<em>Step 3: Determine the present value for the cost for spot Market rate</em>

Since the spot market rate is paid once;

Total cost=(15,000/100)×10×4,000=$6,000,000

Total cost in four years=6,000,000×4=$24,000,000

Present value of spot rate cost=24,000,000/{(1+0.15)^4}=$13,722,077.89

<em>Step 4: Determine the present value of the revenue per year </em>

Year       Future cash flow            Present cash flow                 Amount

 1            80,000,000               80,000,000/{(1+0.15)^1}         69,565,217.39

 2           80,000,000               80,000,000/{(1+0.15)^2}         60,491,493.38

 3           80,000,000               80,000,000/{(1+0.15)^3}         52,601,298.59

 4           80,000,000               80,000,000/{(1+0.15)^4}         45,740,259.65

Present value of Total revenue=69,565,217.39+60,491,493.38+52,601,298.59+45,740,259.65=

$228,398,269

<em>Step 5: Determine the present value of the net revenue per year for sport rate</em>

Net present value=(228,398,269-13,722,077.89)=$214,676,191.10

I would consider consider leasing since the profits gained from leasing ($216,978,355.60) is greater compared to the profits if a spot rate is considered ($214,676,191.10).

b.

<em>Step 6: Consider NPV for 2 years if they Lease</em>

Year       Future cash flow            Present cash flow                 Amount

 1            76,000,000               76,000,000/{(1+0.15)^1}         66,086,956.52

 2           76,000,000               76,000,000/{(1+0.15)^2}         57,466,918.71

Net present value=(66,086,956.52+57,466,918.71)=$123,553,875.20

<em>Step 7: Consider total revenue if the use a spot rate</em>

Year       Future cash flow            Present cash flow                 Amount

 1            80,000,000               80,000,000/{(1+0.15)^1}         69,565,217.39

 2           80,000,000               80,000,000/{(1+0.15)^2}         60,491,493.38

Total revenue=(69,565,217.39+60,491,493.38)=$130,056,710.80

<em>Step 7: Consider cost for 2 years if they use a spot rate</em>

Total cost=6,000,000×2=$12,000,000

Present value=12,000,000/{(1+0.15)^2}=$9,073,724.008

Net present value=130,056,710.80-9,073,724.008=$120,982,986.80

I would consider consider leasing since the value gained from leasing ($123,553,875.20) is greater compared to the value if a spot rate is considered ($120,982,986.80) in 2 years.

6 0
3 years ago
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