Answer:
a. Describe how the average accounting return is usually calculated and describe the information this measure provides about a sequence of cash flows. What is the AAR criterion decision rule?
Average accounting return = average net income / average investment
The problem with AAR is that net cash flows are not equal to net income since depreciation expense and changes in net working capital are not accounted for by AAR.
The criterion decision rule is that projects with an AAR above a certain measure.
b. What are the problems associated with using the AAR as a means of evaluating a project’s cash flows? What underlying feature of AAR is most troubling to you from a financial perspective? Does the AAR have any redeeming qualities?
it doesn't consider net cash flows, nor time value of money. Personally, accounting is an extremely important tool but it only reflects a partial perspective of a business. E.g. a business might have a huge net income but if it doesn't have enough cash to function, it will go bankrupt. In finance, cash is king.
Personally, my biggest problem with AAR is that it doesn't consider net cash flows. I've been on situations where the company I worked for was apparently doing great, but our accounts receivables were huge and we couldn't collect money fast enough. My job was basically go to different banks and convince them of loaning us cash. The worst part was that even without being able to collect cash, we still had to pay taxes and that was another huge problem.
I believe that AAR is still used because of its simplicity. Also, taxes are paid based on accounting profits and many firms base they compensation plans on them.
Answer:
$7.96
Explanation:
the first month's principal balance = $400 (initial purchase) - $20 (first payment) = $380
the second month's principal balance = $380 (carried over) + $18 (second purchase) = $398
the interest charged on the second month's principal = $398 x 2% = $7.96
Answer:
a. The bond’s expected capital gains yield is zero.
Explanation:
Since the bonds are issued at par so capital gains yield is zero.
Answer:
ZERO.
Explanation:
A transfer price normally is used to determine the cost to charge another division, subsidiary, or holding company for services rendered. It is said that transfer prices are priced based on the going market price for that good or service. Transfer pricing can also be applied to intellectual property such as research, patents, and royalties.
However, companies at times can also use (or misuse) this practice by altering their taxable income, thus reducing their overall taxes. The transfer pricing mechanism is a way that companies can shift tax liabilities to low-cost tax jurisdictions.
