Atoms must gain or lose electrons in order to become ions if they are to form ionic bonds.
Out of the three you gave ecosystem is what I would call the most broad. An ecosystem includes living AND non-living things in an area
Community is all the LIVING things in an area (plants are included and I think bacteria is too, but I'm not sure)
Population is pretty narrow it just looks at specific species in one area. Population of mosquitoes doesn't include butterflies, if only looks at mosquitoes
Hope this helped!
<h3><u>Answer;</u></h3>
Surface fire
<h3><u>Explanation;</u></h3>
- <u>Surface fires are type of forest fires that may burn primarily as a surface fire,</u> spreading along the ground as the surface litter and undergrowth on the forest floor and is engulfed by the spreading flames.
- They are the easiest fires to put out and cause the least damage to the forest. Surface fires create the least amount of destruction.
- <em><u>These fires protects the forest by releasing the nutrients that would otherwise decompose slowly, having little benefit to the ecosystem.</u></em>
- <em><u>Additionally, these fires allow more open spaces for new and different kinds of vegetation to grow and receive sunlight.</u></em>
You didn't send a picture. But the activation energy is always the difference between the starting point and the highest point in the graph