Answer:
Prokayotes may be defined as the organisms that lacks the nucleus and the membrane bound cell organelle. Eukaryotes have the well defined nucleus and contains the membrane bound cell organelle.
The evolutionary advantage that has been noticed in the eukaryotic cells is the compartmentalization of the cell. The cell compartmentalization separates the cell organelle into the specialized functions. This division of labor increases the efficiency of the cell and regulates the evolution of the complex multi cellular organism.
<span>look at each perspective on how the phenomenon might have took place in a different kind of perspective. Multiple approaches are explored to see which condition fits and answers the query the most -accurate and reliably.
developing a technique for observing an object that has yet to be observed
</span>Thus, to achieve the creative approach above the researchers must utilize and apply the scientific method in gathering, interpreting and analyzing empirical evidence.
<span>Empirical evidence, data or knowledge is an obtained set of facts or figures or existing and presenting data that was yielded during the process of experimentation or scientific discovery. These empirical data or evidence is further studied and investigated by the scientist in a formal scientific approach which follows the steps of observation, making a hypothesis, gathering data, interpreting data and evaluating the data. These steps of the scientific approach are vital in the course to explain and discuss the result and evidence obtained during the process.
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Answer:
Release of electrons from reducing powers to O2 via four protein complexes allows release of small amount of energy at each step and makes the process energy efficient.
Explanation:
If NADH and FADH2 would reduce O2 directly, a large amount of energy would have been released in a single step. On the other hand, oxidation of these reducing powers through a series of electron carrier release a small amount of energy at each step which in turn is temporarily stored in form of proton motive force across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
Transfer of a pair of the electron to O2 pumps four protons by complex I, four by complex III and two by complex IV. The resultant proton motive force effectively stores the energy of electron transfer. This energy is then used to drive ATP synthesis.
Forms solid that are relatively insoluble and nontoxic
Uric acid is product of the metabolic breakdown of the purine nucleotides. It is considered as a normal component of urine. In birds and reptiles the evolved the ability to convert toxic ammonia into uric acid or guanine rather than urea. These organisms are called as uricothelic organism because they have the ability to convert toxic ammnonia to uric acid instead of urea. Uric acid is less toxic than ammonia.
