Answer:
The elemental is required in very small amount. (Ans. A)
Explanation:
Trace element is also known as micro-nutrient. It is also defined as any chemical element required by living organisms in a minute or small amounts which is usually part of the vital enzyme (cells produced by catalytic protein).
Exact needs of trace elements vary among species, like commonly required plant trace elements are cooper, zinc, manganese, boron, and molybdenum. Animals commonly required iodine, manganese, and cobalt.
Absence of necessary plant trace elements required by plants in the soil causes deficiency disease, lack of animal trace elements used by animals in the soil may not harm plants, but, animals feeding on those plants develop their deficiency disease.
So, the adjective trace means that the elemental is required in a very small amount.
The second phage of cellular respiration is transition stage.
Process take place in transition stage:
The transition stage take place in mitochondria. The pyruvate is combined with NAD+ to form NADH and acetyl co-enzyme molecules.
After transition stage, Krebs cycle starts.
<span>This person is experiencing common physical symptoms of what is called "withdrawals". Opiates, when used illegally, can be highly addictive. This drug targets the central nervous system (the brain, cardiovascular and respiratory systems) and contains opioid receptors that receive opiate drugs. Abusing this drug can disrupt a person's brain chemistry, leading to severe physical withdrawal symptoms as listed in the question.</span>
Answer:
One of the factors for the development of pyelonephritis, in addition to E. coli, is urinary retention and reflux (option a).
Explanation:
Pyelonephritis is an infection of the upper urinary tract caused by bacteria in the urine, such as Escherichia coli.
Under normal conditions, urine in the urinary bladder is aseptic, that is, without bacteria. The presence of bacteria in the urine indicates a urinary infection.
Urinary retention is the limitation of the expulsion of urine from the bladder. This promotes:
- <em>An increase in the amount of bacteria present in the bladder.
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- <em>The pressure generated by urine retention causes the bladder to generate a retrograde flow - reflow - towards the ureters, leading the bacteria to the kidneys.
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The result of urinary retention and reflux - when bacteria are present - is an infection in the upper urinary tract, called pyelonephritis.
Learn more:
Urinary tract infection brainly.com/question/4756206
