Mammalian fertilization comprises sperm migration through the female reproductive tract, biochemical and morphological changes to sperm, and sperm-egg interaction in the oviduct. Recent gene knockout approaches in mice have revealed that many factors previously considered important for fertilization are largely dispensable, or if they are essential, they have an unexpected function. These results indicate that what has been observed in in vitro fertilization (IVF) differs significantly from what occurs during “physiological” fertilization. This Review focuses on the advantages of studying fertilization using gene-manipulated animals and highlights an emerging molecular mechanism of mammalian fertilization.
Answer:
Tectonic Plates and Plate Boundaries
There are three main types of plate boundaries:
Convergent boundaries: where two plates are colliding.
Divergent boundaries – where two plates are moving apart.
Transform boundaries – where plates slide passed each other.
<span>D. earthworm would be classified in the same kingdom as the hawk (both animals). </span>
Answer:
C. Sunlight penetrates to greater depths in land than water
Explanation:
Water is a poor conductor of heat which is why it takes much longer for water to conduct heat than it does land.
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