Experiments in which conditions are deliberately altered and all other variables are held constant are known as <u>Manipulative</u> experiments.
Manipulation checks are measured variables that reveal the concurrent effects of the manipulated variables on other variables outside the targeted dependent variable.
During studies, a process or task is altered in some way, and volunteers are assigned at random to various degrees of the manipulation. The experimenter then checks to see if changes in the controlled factors affect the dependent variable differently.
Manipulation checks focus on variables other than the important dependent variable.
The purpose of manipulations is not to confirm that the manipulated component was the source of the variance in the dependent variable. This is confirmed through random assignment, manipulation before the dependent variable is measured, and statistical assessments of the manipulated variable's impact on the dependent variable.
Consequently, a failed manipulation check does not disprove the idea that the manipulation was to blame.
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Answer: False
Explanation: :) hope that helps
Answer:
a) openness
Explanation:
Openness to experience: In psychology, openness to experience is considered as one of the personality traits of the Big-five factor model of personality that consists of five different types of personality traits.
Openness to experience refers to a cognitive style in which an individual is characterized as conventional, imaginative, intellectually curious, sensitive towards beauty, open-minded, and creative. An individual who is high on openness to experience loves to try new things and are often adventurous. These people love to travel and explore new things.
In the question above, Malik and Tarek differ on the openness to experience factor of the five-factor model.
A disaster is a sudden, calamitous event that seriously disrupts the functioning of a community or society and causes human, material, and economic or environmental losses that exceed the community’s or society’s to cope using its own resources.