The three ways that heat is transferred are as follows:
Conduction, convection, and radiation.
Radiation is when heat is transferred in waves. It is the only type of transfer that can occur in a vacuum, so that is how heat reaches earth from the sun.
Conduction is when heat is transferred between solid objects. That is how heat is transferred between objects on the earths surface.
Convetsion is when heat is transferred through a liquid. This is how the ocean heats all the way through, rather than just the surface.
Remember the definition of Osmosis; Water travels through a semipermeable membrane to an area of higher to lower concentration. Since the concentration of a solute is higher outside, we can make the assumption that water concentration is lower, and so the cell is going to release water to balance out and equalize the solution and it's surroundings.
Behavior is the least affected by the limiting factors.
Behavior can remain constant throughout the conditions but when necessary, adaptations can occur due to the limiting factors that constrict a certain action.
<span>Adaptation is the unique trait that animals and plants have in order to survive through the evolution of time. </span>
Answer:
Based on the hypothesis, an increase in the ratio of Gi to Gs proteins coordinated signalling, would decrease cAMP concentration when GCPR binds to it, with the Gi function intact and able to oppose the Gs protein activation.
