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Marianna [84]
3 years ago
12

What problem did scientists have with getting podophyllotoxin from the Himalayan mayapple for cancer treatment?

Biology
1 answer:
natita [175]3 years ago
6 0
The Himalayan mayapple<span> is not an easy plant to </span>get<span> hold of. Yet we humans keep trying, because the poisonous plant also naturally produces </span>podophyllotoxin<span>, a preliminary compound in etoposide—classed as an essential medicine by the World Health Organization (WHO)</span>
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3 years ago
A dog experiencing a high level of fear will usually exhibit
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3 years ago
Describe the process of skeletal muscle contraction by assembling the following 10 events in the proper order in paragraph form.
balu736 [363]

5) muscle fiber is stimulated at the neuromuscular junction triggering an action potential  

7) APs travel down the T-tubules to the sarcoplasmic reticulum  

Released acetylcholine (due to action potential within motor neuron) from the motor neuron initiates depolarisation within the sarcolemma, which is spread through the muscle fibre via T tubules.

8) in response to an AP, calcium ions are released into the cytosol/space around the myofibrils

Depolarisation causes the sarcoplasmic reticulum to release calcium ions necessary for the contraction

3) calcium ions bind to the T and T system

1) T and T system undergoes a conformational change, exposing the myosin binding sites on actin  

6) myosin head/cross-bridges bind to actin

The binding sites for the myosin heads located on actin, are covered by a blocking complex (troponin and tropomyosin) that can be unblocked by the calcium binding

2) myosin heads/cross bridges bind to actin and flex, shortening the sacromere  

4) actin filaments are pulled toward the center of the sacromere, shortening the muscle fiber  

As the individual sarcomeres become shorten the muscle fibres as a whole contracts

10) myosin head continues to attach, flex, release, extend, and reattach as long as calcium ions are present

9) calcium ions actively transported into the sarcoplasmic reticulum  

Relaxation of a muscle fiber occurs when a Ca ions are pumped back into the sarcoplasmic reticulum .

3 0
3 years ago
What happens when an electrical gradient and a chemical gradient are applying opposite forces to active transport?
Ierofanga [76]

Answer:

Option B, they negate each other

Explanation:

Electrical gradient force is more or less equal to the chemical gradient during an active transport. The number of electron produced during the establishment of chemical gradients, were transferred through the cellular circuit to produce electrical gradient of an equivalent amount in opposite path.

Thus, both electrical and chemical gradient are opposite to each other and hence they negate out each other.

Option B

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Dennis_Churaev [7]
Bio hazard since it's used as a pesticide
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