<span>In chronological order, the four steps of cellular respiration are glycolysis, a transition reaction, the Krebs Cycle and an electron transport chain. Cellular respiration occurs in the cytoplasm and in the mitochondria.
</span><span>Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm, and it allows one glucose molecule to split into two molecules of pyruvic acid. Next, the transition reaction moves the pyruvic acid into the mitochondria, where it is converted into acetyl coenzyme A. Next, the Krebs Cycle occurs in the mitochondria and produces four molecules of ammonium triphosphate and numerous molecules of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Finally, the electron transport chain in the mitochondria produces approximately 32 molecules of ATP and finishes the process of cellular respiration. In total, approximately 38 molecules of ATP are produced for every molecule of glucose.</span>
antigen processing involves the breakdown of protein antigens and the subsequent association of peptide fragments on the surface of antigen-presenting cells with MHC class I or class II proteins.
Antigen is any foreign particle or molecule that can trigger a n immune response in the body.
After the body encounters the antigen cells like macrophages, B cells and dendritic cells will recognise and destroy them. The parts of the antigen will be presented by the macrophages to the T cells and hence they are also called Antigen presenting cells.
Antigen presenting cells will showcase the antigen or its part to the T cells. This is done with the help of a protein called major histocompatiblity complex or MHC complex proteins.
MHC proteins are present on cell surface and holds the antigens to showcase them to T cells.
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Consumer takes energy away
<span>Some organisms have the ability to "transform" in order to meet their needs. For example, a chameleon can change it's colors to escape predators, and a snake can contort its body in order to fit where it needs to be to hide out.</span>
The major organ of the circulatory system that causes blood to flow through the body by its pumping action is the heart.
